Posts Tagged ‘Excel’

Convert Durometer to Young’s Modulus

Thursday, July 14th, 2011

If you work with rubber and plastic materials frequently, you more than likely have access to a stress-strain curve for use in Simulation.  What can you do, though, if you don’t have all the required material properties for analysis?  If you’ve ever searched for material properties via MatWeb, IDES or other sources, you’ll likely find the hardness of plastics and rubbers listed in Shore-A or Shore-D – and no Young’s Modulus.  Fear not!  There is a simple calculation to convert a Shore durometer to Young’s Modulus, which is sufficient to get you started with your analysis work.

Before I show you the calculation, you should be aware that there is not a direct relationship between a Shore scale and Young’s Modulus!  The calculation allows you to approximate ‘E’ based on a range of Shore-A (20 to 80) or Shore-D (30 to 85) durometers for simple static analysis.**  If you routinely work with plastic and rubber materials, you should be using SolidWorks Simulation Premium with the actual stress-strain curve for the material(s) you design with!

For a durometer given in Shore-A, multiply this value by 0.0235.  Then subtract 0.6403 from this result.  The next step is to find the inverse base-e logarithm of this new result.  The answer is an approximation for Young’s Modulus in megapascals (MPa).  To convert this to pounds per square inch (psi), simply multiply this number by 145.0377.  If you’re like me, word problems were never a strong suit!  Here are the equations to input into Excel for a Shore-A or Shore-D durometer – or download the Excel spreadsheet here.

Shore-A to Young’s Modulus (in MPa):
=EXP((Shore-A Durometer)*0.0235-0.6403)

Shore-D to Young’s Modulus (in MPa):
=EXP((Shore-D Durometer + 50)*0.0235-0.6403)

Replace the ‘Shore-A Durometer’ or ‘Shore-D Durometer’ with either a number or the cell location of the value.

** Making Engineering decisions based upon analysis results with this “material property conversion” is not recommended.

Bill Reuss

Bill Reuss, CSWE, CSWST, CSPST
Application Support Engineer
3DVision Technologies

Troubleshooting DriveWorksXpress Equations

Tuesday, July 12th, 2011

You can get some pretty fancy equations when working with DriveWorksXpress, sadly the nice DriveWorks equation editors that make debugging these equations aren’t avalaible until you upgrade to at least DriveWorks Solo. Luckily you already own a nice equation editor…Excel!

Let’s take an easy example. Let’s imagine we want to drive a dimension of a part based on a DriveWorks drop down box that contains the values: “Small”, “Medium” and “Large”. [We'll name the input "Choice" in DriveWorks.] We want the values of the driven dimension to be 2, 3, and 4 respectively.

So we build our DriveWorks rule to look like this:
Rule

To use Excel as a debugger, paste the formula into Excel as I did below at cell A1. (Put the equal sign in front.) At this point, Excel is going to do some simple syntax checking and parenthesis will be color coded to help you match them up. In our case the syntax is correct so Excel takes the equation without much of an issue.

JustPasted

However we do have a problem. The DriveWorks input “Choice” doesn’t make any sense to Excel. That is why it is giving us the “#NAME?” error. The solution is to create a named range with the same name as our DriveWorks input. Excel will substitute the values in the named ranges for the DriveWorks input. In the example below, I named name cell C1 “Choice”. Do this by: highlighting the cell, then type the name of the range [DriveWorks input] in the area just to the left of the equation…the trick is to hit the Enter key when you are done, do not click out of that cell with your mouse.

NamedRange

You see that now cell A1 has the value of “4″, which is logical because “Choice” (the cell formerly known as C1) is neither “Small”, “Medium” nor “Large”. I can now put different values into “Choice” and watch my equation update.

Medium

For gruesome equations -with many DriveWorks inputs, nested if-thens and more parenthesis than a lisp routine, I almost always use this trick as a sanity check…it is a fast way to ensure my equations are behaving as I expect.

Jeff Sweeney

Jeff Sweeney
Engineering Data Specialist
3DVision Technologies

VLOOKUP going to next larger number

Monday, October 11th, 2010

This week I have working on a rather interesting DriveWorks project where I had to select the proper size of schedule 40 pipe that a given shaft coupler could just fit inside. As an example, if I had a coupler that has an 1.4″ outside diameter, I would choose the 1-1/2″ size pipe. (From the first table below.)

The problem is that if I use VLOOKUP to search the table, VLOOKUP returns the next size smaller from the table. Thus I would get the 1-1/4″ pipe –  too small for my 1.4″ coupler.

Pipe Size

Outside Diameter

Inside Diameter

1

1.32

1.05

1 1/4

1.66

1.38

1 1/2

1.9

1.61

2

2.38

2.07

2 1/2

2.88

2.47

3

3.5

3.07

So I modified my table in this way:

Pipe Size

Outside Diameter

Inside Diameter

3

3.5

-3.07

2 1/2

2.88

-2.47

2

2.38

-2.07

1 1/2

1.9

-1.61

1 1/4

1.66

-1.38

1

1.32

-1.05

Now if I ask VLOOKUP to find the pipe size (searching for -1.4″), it returns the proper size because -1.61 is the next size smaller.

I had to reorder the records in the table because VLOOKUP wants its searching values in ascending order.

Certainly if I wanted to get the actual inside diameter, I need to use the ABS function to return me back to positive values.

Jeff Sweeney

Jeff Sweeney
Engineering Data Specialist
3DVision Technologies

Excel tips for Engineers

Wednesday, November 4th, 2009

Are you an Excel novice but too embarrassed to admit it? SolidWorks has a nice little video I think you will enjoy.

Jeff Sweeney

Jeff Sweeney

Engineering Data Specialist
3DVision Technologies

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